"formalism" meaning in All languages combined

See formalism on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈfɔːməlɪz(ə)m/ [UK], /ˈfɔɹml̩ˌɪzm̩/ [US] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-formalism.wav [Southern-England] Forms: formalisms [plural]
Etymology: Etymology tree English formal Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *-mós Ancient Greek -μός (-mós) Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der. English -ism English formalism From formal + -ism. Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:af|formal|-ism|text=+|tree=1}} Etymology tree English formal Proto-Indo-European *-id- Proto-Indo-European *-yéti Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti Proto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō) Proto-Indo-European *-mos Proto-Indo-European *-mós Ancient Greek -μός (-mós) Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der. English -ism English formalism [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "abstract noun", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "verbal", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-id-", "status" : "missing", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-yéti", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-idyéti", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Hellenic", "term" : "*-íďďō", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "grk-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "-ῐ́ζω", "lang" : "grc" }, { "id" : "abstract noun", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-mos", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" }, { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-mós", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "-μός", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "-ισμός", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "-ism", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "formalism", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="formalism"> From formal + -ism. Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} formalism (countable and uncountable, plural formalisms)
  1. Strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice etc. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.): фармалі́зм (farmalízm) [masculine] (Belarusian), формали́зъм (formalízăm) [masculine] (Bulgarian), formalisme [masculine] (Catalan), 形式主義 /形式主义 (xíngshìzhǔyì) (Chinese Mandarin), formalismus [masculine] (Czech), formalismi (Finnish), formalisme [masculine] (French), ფორმალიზმი (pormalizmi) (Georgian), Formalismus [masculine] (German), formalizmus (Hungarian), formalismo [masculine] (Italian), 形式主義 (keishikishugi) (alt: けいしきしゅぎ) (Japanese), формализм (formalıyzm) (Kazakh), формализам (formalizam) [masculine] (Macedonian), formalisma (Northern Sami), formalizm [inanimate, masculine] (Polish), formalismo [masculine] (Portuguese), formalism [neuter] (Romanian), формали́зм (formalízm) [masculine] (Russian), формализам [masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), formalizam [masculine] (Serbo-Croatian), formalizmus [masculine] (Slovak), formalismo [masculine] (Spanish), формалі́зм (formalízm) [masculine] (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-formalism-en-noun-bDiRqUTx Disambiguation of 'strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.': 54 16 1 1 16 12 1
  2. (computing) One of several alternative computational paradigms for a given theory. Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-formalism-en-noun-ojT2piXr Categories (other): Computing Topics: computing, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, sciences
  3. (literature) An approach to interpretation and/or evaluation focused on the (usually linguistic) structure of a literary work rather than on the contexts of its origin or reception. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (literature: structural approach to interpretation): 形式主義 /形式主义 (xíngshìzhǔyì) (Chinese Mandarin), формализм (formalıyzm) (Kazakh), formalizm [inanimate, masculine] (Polish)
    Sense id: en-formalism-en-noun-n1inkvq4 Categories (other): Literature Topics: literature, media, publishing Disambiguation of 'literature: structural approach to interpretation': 2 9 46 4 17 16 6
  4. (music) The tendency to elevate formal above expressive value in music, as in serialism. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (music: tendency to elevate formal above expressive value): 形式主義 /形式主义 (xíngshìzhǔyì) (Chinese Mandarin), формализм (formalıyzm) (Kazakh), formalizm [inanimate, masculine] (Polish)
    Sense id: en-formalism-en-noun-~K-2Nfs8 Categories (other): Music Topics: entertainment, lifestyle, music Disambiguation of 'music: tendency to elevate formal above expressive value': 2 6 4 57 6 22 3
  5. (mathematics, physics) A particular mathematical or scientific theory or description of a given state or effect. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (mathematics, physics: a particular theory or description of a state of affairs): 形式主義 /形式主义 (xíngshìzhǔyì) (Chinese Mandarin), формализм (formalıyzm) (Kazakh), formalizm [inanimate, masculine] (Polish)
    Sense id: en-formalism-en-noun-cT4DriFh Categories (other): Mathematics, Physics Topics: mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, physics, sciences Disambiguation of 'mathematics, physics: a particular theory or description of a state of affairs': 1 18 2 2 43 21 13
  6. (linguistics, computing, mathematics) A formal expression of a grammar; a formal grammar; a set of rules of syntax that, without reference to semantics, determine whether a sequence of symbols is a well-formed sentence in a given formal language. Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-formalism-en-noun-M~1VEfS5 Categories (other): Computing, Linguistics, Mathematics, English entries referencing missing etymons, English entries with etymology texts, English entries with etymology trees, English entries with etymon, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ism, Entries with translation boxes, Pages using etymon with no ID, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon, Terms with Belarusian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Kazakh translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Northern Sami translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations Disambiguation of English entries referencing missing etymons: 9 17 8 10 13 37 6 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology texts: 8 15 9 14 13 35 8 Disambiguation of English entries with etymology trees: 8 15 9 14 13 35 8 Disambiguation of English entries with etymon: 10 16 9 12 11 37 5 Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 4 20 7 11 12 42 3 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ism: 14 15 11 12 11 28 9 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 6 10 4 14 7 56 3 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 9 15 5 12 11 43 4 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 6 24 3 19 9 36 3 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 4 18 2 14 10 49 2 Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 8 14 6 15 14 36 8 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 9 16 4 13 12 41 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Belarusian translations: 11 13 7 12 11 41 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 12 12 8 13 10 39 6 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 10 13 7 16 10 39 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 10 13 6 17 10 39 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 11 13 7 12 11 41 5 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 11 13 7 15 10 39 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Georgian translations: 9 11 15 14 9 36 5 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 10 13 7 12 11 42 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 5 24 9 9 15 33 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 8 13 6 12 10 46 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 8 13 6 12 10 46 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Kazakh translations: 10 13 7 14 11 40 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 11 13 7 12 11 41 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 7 15 8 12 14 36 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Northern Sami translations: 16 15 6 13 14 30 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 11 12 8 9 13 42 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 10 12 8 15 10 40 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Romanian translations: 8 16 8 12 15 36 7 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 8 13 6 12 10 46 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 9 12 6 13 10 46 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Slovak translations: 10 13 7 14 11 40 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 8 13 9 11 10 44 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 10 13 7 14 11 40 5 Topics: computing, engineering, human-sciences, linguistics, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, sciences
  7. (philosophy of mathematics) The ontological view of mathematics as a mere collection of string manipulation rules. Tags: countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-formalism-en-noun-WMqpPUC8 Topics: human-sciences, philosophy, sciences
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: antiformalism, Bird-Meertens formalism, canonical formalism, neoformalism, nonformalism, path integral formalism, Russian formalism, zombie formalism Related terms: formalist, formulism Translations (computing: paradigm): formalizm [inanimate, masculine] (Polish)
Disambiguation of 'computing: paradigm': 5 39 6 4 8 34 5

Noun [Romanian]

Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], formalism [accusative, indefinite, nominative], formalismul [accusative, definite, nominative], formalism [dative, genitive, indefinite], formalismului [dative, definite, genitive], formalismule [vocative]
Etymology: Borrowed from French formalisme. Etymology templates: {{bor+|ro|fr|formalisme}} Borrowed from French formalisme Head templates: {{ro-noun|n|-}} formalism n (uncountable) Inflection templates: {{ro-decl-noun-single|gpd=formalismelor|gpi=formalisme|gsd=formalismului|gsi=formalism|n=sg|npd=formalismele|npi=formalisme|nsd=formalismul|nsi=formalism|vp=formalismelor|vs=formalismule}}
  1. formalism Tags: neuter, uncountable
    Sense id: en-formalism-ro-noun-bVXxOJyZ Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Romanian entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "antiformalism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Bird-Meertens formalism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "canonical formalism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "neoformalism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "nonformalism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "path integral formalism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Russian formalism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "zombie formalism"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "formal",
      "formal#English"
    ],
    [
      "*-id-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-id-"
    ],
    [
      "*-yéti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
    ],
    [
      "*-idyéti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-idyéti"
    ],
    [
      "*-íd͏̌d͏̌ō",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-íd͏̌d͏̌ō"
    ],
    [
      "-ῐ́ζω",
      "-ίζω#Ancient_Greek:_verbal"
    ],
    [
      "*-mos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mos"
    ],
    [
      "*-mós",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mós"
    ],
    [
      "-μός",
      "-μός#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_noun"
    ],
    [
      "-ισμός",
      "-ισμός#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_noun"
    ],
    [
      "-ism",
      "-ism#English"
    ],
    [
      "formal",
      "formal#English"
    ],
    [
      "-ism",
      "-ism#English"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "formal",
        "4": "-ism",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish formal\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der.\nEnglish -ism\nEnglish formalism\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-μός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ισμός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ism\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"formalism\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"formalism\">\nFrom formal + -ism.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish formal\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der.\nEnglish -ism\nEnglish formalism\nFrom formal + -ism.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "formalisms",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "formalism (countable and uncountable, plural formalisms)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "formalist"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "formulism"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice etc."
      ],
      "id": "en-formalism-en-noun-bDiRqUTx",
      "links": [
        [
          "adherence",
          "adherence"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "lang_code": "be",
          "roman": "farmalízm",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "фармалі́зм"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "lang_code": "bg",
          "roman": "formalízăm",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "формали́зъм"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "lang_code": "ca",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "formalisme"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "xíngshìzhǔyì",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "word": "形式主義 /形式主义"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "lang_code": "cs",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "formalismus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "word": "formalismi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "lang_code": "fr",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "formalisme"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "lang_code": "ka",
          "roman": "pormalizmi",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "word": "ფორმალიზმი"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Formalismus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "lang_code": "hu",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "word": "formalizmus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "lang_code": "it",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "formalismo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "alt": "けいしきしゅぎ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "lang_code": "ja",
          "roman": "keishikishugi",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "word": "形式主義"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "lang_code": "kk",
          "roman": "formalıyzm",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "word": "формализм"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "lang_code": "mk",
          "roman": "formalizam",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "формализам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "inanimate",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "formalizm"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "lang_code": "pt",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "formalismo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "lang_code": "ro",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "formalism"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "lang_code": "ru",
          "roman": "formalízm",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "формали́зм"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "se",
          "lang": "Northern Sami",
          "lang_code": "se",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "word": "formalisma"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "lang_code": "sh",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "формализам"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "lang_code": "sh",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "formalizam"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "lang_code": "sk",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "formalizmus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "lang_code": "es",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "formalismo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "54 16 1 1 16 12 1",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "lang_code": "uk",
          "roman": "formalízm",
          "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "формалі́зм"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Computing",
          "orig": "en:Computing",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One of several alternative computational paradigms for a given theory."
      ],
      "id": "en-formalism-en-noun-ojT2piXr",
      "links": [
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(computing) One of several alternative computational paradigms for a given theory."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
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          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Literature",
          "orig": "en:Literature",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An approach to interpretation and/or evaluation focused on the (usually linguistic) structure of a literary work rather than on the contexts of its origin or reception."
      ],
      "id": "en-formalism-en-noun-n1inkvq4",
      "links": [
        [
          "literature",
          "literature"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literature) An approach to interpretation and/or evaluation focused on the (usually linguistic) structure of a literary work rather than on the contexts of its origin or reception."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "literature",
        "media",
        "publishing"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 9 46 4 17 16 6",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "xíngshìzhǔyì",
          "sense": "literature: structural approach to interpretation",
          "word": "形式主義 /形式主义"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 9 46 4 17 16 6",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "lang_code": "kk",
          "roman": "formalıyzm",
          "sense": "literature: structural approach to interpretation",
          "word": "формализм"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 9 46 4 17 16 6",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "literature: structural approach to interpretation",
          "tags": [
            "inanimate",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "formalizm"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
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          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Music",
          "orig": "en:Music",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The tendency to elevate formal above expressive value in music, as in serialism."
      ],
      "id": "en-formalism-en-noun-~K-2Nfs8",
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "serialism",
          "serialism"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(music) The tendency to elevate formal above expressive value in music, as in serialism."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 6 4 57 6 22 3",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "xíngshìzhǔyì",
          "sense": "music: tendency to elevate formal above expressive value",
          "word": "形式主義 /形式主义"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 6 4 57 6 22 3",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "lang_code": "kk",
          "roman": "formalıyzm",
          "sense": "music: tendency to elevate formal above expressive value",
          "word": "формализм"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 6 4 57 6 22 3",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "music: tendency to elevate formal above expressive value",
          "tags": [
            "inanimate",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "formalizm"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
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          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Mathematics",
          "orig": "en:Mathematics",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Physics",
          "orig": "en:Physics",
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        }
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          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A particular mathematical or scientific theory or description of a given state or effect."
      ],
      "id": "en-formalism-en-noun-cT4DriFh",
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "mathematical",
          "mathematical"
        ],
        [
          "scientific",
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        "(mathematics, physics) A particular mathematical or scientific theory or description of a given state or effect."
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        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "physics",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 18 2 2 43 21 13",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "lang_code": "cmn",
          "roman": "xíngshìzhǔyì",
          "sense": "mathematics, physics: a particular theory or description of a state of affairs",
          "word": "形式主義 /形式主义"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 18 2 2 43 21 13",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "lang_code": "kk",
          "roman": "formalıyzm",
          "sense": "mathematics, physics: a particular theory or description of a state of affairs",
          "word": "формализм"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 18 2 2 43 21 13",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "lang_code": "pl",
          "sense": "mathematics, physics: a particular theory or description of a state of affairs",
          "tags": [
            "inanimate",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "formalizm"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Computing",
          "orig": "en:Computing",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Linguistics",
          "orig": "en:Linguistics",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Mathematics",
          "orig": "en:Mathematics",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 17 8 10 13 37 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries referencing missing etymons",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 15 9 14 13 35 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 15 9 14 13 35 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 16 9 12 11 37 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 20 7 11 12 42 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 11 12 11 28 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ism",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 10 4 14 7 56 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 15 5 12 11 43 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
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          "parents": [],
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        },
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          "_dis": "12 12 8 13 10 39 6",
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          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 13 7 16 10 39 5",
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          "name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 13 6 17 10 39 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 13 7 12 11 41 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 13 7 15 10 39 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 11 15 14 9 36 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 13 7 12 11 42 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 24 9 9 15 33 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 13 6 12 10 46 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 13 6 12 10 46 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 13 7 14 11 40 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Kazakh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
          "_dis": "11 13 7 12 11 41 5",
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          "name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 15 8 12 14 36 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "16 15 6 13 14 30 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Northern Sami translations",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 12 8 9 13 42 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 12 8 15 10 40 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 16 8 12 15 36 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 13 6 12 10 46 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 12 6 13 10 46 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 13 7 14 11 40 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 13 9 11 10 44 5",
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 13 7 14 11 40 5",
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          "text": "Dirac approaches quantum mechanics by means of a so-called symbolic method, the bracket formalism. Although this formalism has a mathematical flavour, in fact, it is based upon bold claims which lack mathematical foundation.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "text": "1992, tuart M. Shieber, Constraint-based Grammar Formalisms, The MIT Press, page 51,\nIt is this abstraction that justifies considering these methods as characterizing constraint-based formalisms in general, rather than an individual formalism."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A formal expression of a grammar; a formal grammar; a set of rules of syntax that, without reference to semantics, determine whether a sequence of symbols is a well-formed sentence in a given formal language."
      ],
      "id": "en-formalism-en-noun-M~1VEfS5",
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "formal",
          "formal"
        ],
        [
          "grammar",
          "grammar"
        ],
        [
          "formal grammar",
          "formal grammar"
        ],
        [
          "syntax",
          "syntax"
        ],
        [
          "semantics",
          "semantics"
        ],
        [
          "symbol",
          "symbol"
        ],
        [
          "well-formed",
          "well-formed"
        ],
        [
          "formal language",
          "formal language"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics, computing, mathematics) A formal expression of a grammar; a formal grammar; a set of rules of syntax that, without reference to semantics, determine whether a sequence of symbols is a well-formed sentence in a given formal language."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The ontological view of mathematics as a mere collection of string manipulation rules."
      ],
      "id": "en-formalism-en-noun-WMqpPUC8",
      "links": [
        [
          "ontological",
          "ontological"
        ],
        [
          "collection",
          "collection"
        ],
        [
          "string",
          "string"
        ],
        [
          "manipulation",
          "manipulation"
        ],
        [
          "rule",
          "rule"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(philosophy of mathematics) The ontological view of mathematics as a mere collection of string manipulation rules."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of mathematics"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔːməlɪz(ə)m/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-formalism.wav",
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔɹml̩ˌɪzm̩/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "_dis1": "5 39 6 4 8 34 5",
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "computing: paradigm",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalizm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "formalism"
}

{
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      "name": "bor+"
    }
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      "form": "no-table-tags",
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        "indefinite",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "formalismul",
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        "definite",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "formalism",
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      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "formalismului",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
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        "vocative"
      ]
    }
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    {
      "args": {
        "gpd": "formalismelor",
        "gpi": "formalisme",
        "gsd": "formalismului",
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        "npd": "formalismele",
        "npi": "formalisme",
        "nsd": "formalismul",
        "nsi": "formalism",
        "vp": "formalismelor",
        "vs": "formalismule"
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          "formalism#English"
        ]
      ],
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        "neuter",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "formalism"
}
{
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    "English entries with etymology texts",
    "English entries with etymology trees",
    "English entries with etymon",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -ism",
    "English uncountable nouns",
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    "Pages with etymology trees",
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    "Terms with Belarusian translations",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Georgian translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Kazakh translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Northern Sami translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Romanian translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Slovak translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Ukrainian translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "antiformalism"
    },
    {
      "word": "Bird-Meertens formalism"
    },
    {
      "word": "canonical formalism"
    },
    {
      "word": "neoformalism"
    },
    {
      "word": "nonformalism"
    },
    {
      "word": "path integral formalism"
    },
    {
      "word": "Russian formalism"
    },
    {
      "word": "zombie formalism"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "formal",
      "formal#English"
    ],
    [
      "*-id-",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-id-"
    ],
    [
      "*-yéti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yéti"
    ],
    [
      "*-idyéti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-idyéti"
    ],
    [
      "*-íd͏̌d͏̌ō",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Hellenic/-íd͏̌d͏̌ō"
    ],
    [
      "-ῐ́ζω",
      "-ίζω#Ancient_Greek:_verbal"
    ],
    [
      "*-mos",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mos"
    ],
    [
      "*-mós",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-mós"
    ],
    [
      "-μός",
      "-μός#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_noun"
    ],
    [
      "-ισμός",
      "-ισμός#Ancient_Greek:_abstract_noun"
    ],
    [
      "-ism",
      "-ism#English"
    ],
    [
      "formal",
      "formal#English"
    ],
    [
      "-ism",
      "-ism#English"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": ":af",
        "3": "formal",
        "4": "-ism",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nEnglish formal\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der.\nEnglish -ism\nEnglish formalism\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"verbal\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-id-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yéti\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-idyéti\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Hellenic\", \"term\" : \"*-íďďō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"grk-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ῐ́ζω\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" }, { \"id\" : \"abstract noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-mós\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-μός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"-ισμός\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-ism\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"formalism\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"formalism\">\nFrom formal + -ism.",
      "name": "ety"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nEnglish formal\nProto-Indo-European *-id-\nProto-Indo-European *-yéti\nProto-Indo-European *-idyéti\nProto-Hellenic *-íd͏̌d͏̌ō\nAncient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)\nProto-Indo-European *-mos\nProto-Indo-European *-mós\nAncient Greek -μός (-mós)\nAncient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der.\nEnglish -ism\nEnglish formalism\nFrom formal + -ism.",
  "forms": [
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      "form": "formalisms",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
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  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
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      "expansion": "formalism (countable and uncountable, plural formalisms)",
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "formalist"
    },
    {
      "word": "formulism"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice etc."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "adherence",
          "adherence"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Computing"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "One of several alternative computational paradigms for a given theory."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(computing) One of several alternative computational paradigms for a given theory."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
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    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Literature"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An approach to interpretation and/or evaluation focused on the (usually linguistic) structure of a literary work rather than on the contexts of its origin or reception."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "literature",
          "literature"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literature) An approach to interpretation and/or evaluation focused on the (usually linguistic) structure of a literary work rather than on the contexts of its origin or reception."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "literature",
        "media",
        "publishing"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Music"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The tendency to elevate formal above expressive value in music, as in serialism."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ],
        [
          "serialism",
          "serialism"
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      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(music) The tendency to elevate formal above expressive value in music, as in serialism."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Mathematics",
        "en:Physics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              181,
              191
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2011, Brian Cox, Jeff Forshaw, The Quantum Universe, Allen Lane, published 2011, page 54:",
          "text": "Heisenberg seems to have been motivated by his intense annoyance that Schrödinger's more intuitive version of quantum theory was more widely accepted than his own, even though both formalisms led to the same results.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A particular mathematical or scientific theory or description of a given state or effect."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "physics",
          "physics"
        ],
        [
          "mathematical",
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        ],
        [
          "scientific",
          "scientific"
        ],
        [
          "description",
          "description"
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      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics, physics) A particular mathematical or scientific theory or description of a given state or effect."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
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    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Computing",
        "en:Linguistics",
        "en:Mathematics"
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          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              88,
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            ],
            [
              113,
              122
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1986, S. J. L. van Eijndhoven, J. de Graaf, A Mathematical Introduction to Dirac's Formalism, Elsevier (North-Holland), page ix:",
          "text": "Dirac approaches quantum mechanics by means of a so-called symbolic method, the bracket formalism. Although this formalism has a mathematical flavour, in fact, it is based upon bold claims which lack mathematical foundation.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "text": "1992, tuart M. Shieber, Constraint-based Grammar Formalisms, The MIT Press, page 51,\nIt is this abstraction that justifies considering these methods as characterizing constraint-based formalisms in general, rather than an individual formalism."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A formal expression of a grammar; a formal grammar; a set of rules of syntax that, without reference to semantics, determine whether a sequence of symbols is a well-formed sentence in a given formal language."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
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        [
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        ],
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          "mathematics"
        ],
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          "formal",
          "formal"
        ],
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          "grammar"
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          "formal grammar"
        ],
        [
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          "syntax"
        ],
        [
          "semantics",
          "semantics"
        ],
        [
          "symbol",
          "symbol"
        ],
        [
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          "well-formed"
        ],
        [
          "formal language",
          "formal language"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics, computing, mathematics) A formal expression of a grammar; a formal grammar; a set of rules of syntax that, without reference to semantics, determine whether a sequence of symbols is a well-formed sentence in a given formal language."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The ontological view of mathematics as a mere collection of string manipulation rules."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ontological",
          "ontological"
        ],
        [
          "collection",
          "collection"
        ],
        [
          "string",
          "string"
        ],
        [
          "manipulation",
          "manipulation"
        ],
        [
          "rule",
          "rule"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(philosophy of mathematics) The ontological view of mathematics as a mere collection of string manipulation rules."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of mathematics"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔːməlɪz(ə)m/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-formalism.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-formalism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-formalism.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/02/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-formalism.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-formalism.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfɔɹml̩ˌɪzm̩/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "lang_code": "be",
      "roman": "farmalízm",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "фармалі́зм"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "lang_code": "bg",
      "roman": "formalízăm",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "формали́зъм"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "lang_code": "ca",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalisme"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "xíngshìzhǔyì",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "word": "形式主義 /形式主义"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalismus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "word": "formalismi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "lang_code": "fr",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalisme"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "lang_code": "ka",
      "roman": "pormalizmi",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "word": "ფორმალიზმი"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Formalismus"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "word": "formalizmus"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "lang_code": "it",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalismo"
    },
    {
      "alt": "けいしきしゅぎ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "keishikishugi",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "word": "形式主義"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "formalıyzm",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "word": "формализм"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "lang_code": "mk",
      "roman": "formalizam",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "формализам"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalizm"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalismo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "lang_code": "ro",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "formalism"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "formalízm",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "формали́зм"
    },
    {
      "code": "se",
      "lang": "Northern Sami",
      "lang_code": "se",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "word": "formalisma"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "формализам"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "lang_code": "sh",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalizam"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalizmus"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "lang_code": "es",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalismo"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "lang_code": "uk",
      "roman": "formalízm",
      "sense": "strict adherence to a given form of conduct, practice, etc.",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "формалі́зм"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "computing: paradigm",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalizm"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "xíngshìzhǔyì",
      "sense": "literature: structural approach to interpretation",
      "word": "形式主義 /形式主义"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "formalıyzm",
      "sense": "literature: structural approach to interpretation",
      "word": "формализм"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "literature: structural approach to interpretation",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalizm"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "xíngshìzhǔyì",
      "sense": "music: tendency to elevate formal above expressive value",
      "word": "形式主義 /形式主义"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "formalıyzm",
      "sense": "music: tendency to elevate formal above expressive value",
      "word": "формализм"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "music: tendency to elevate formal above expressive value",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalizm"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "lang_code": "cmn",
      "roman": "xíngshìzhǔyì",
      "sense": "mathematics, physics: a particular theory or description of a state of affairs",
      "word": "形式主義 /形式主义"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "formalıyzm",
      "sense": "mathematics, physics: a particular theory or description of a state of affairs",
      "word": "формализм"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "mathematics, physics: a particular theory or description of a state of affairs",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "formalizm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "formalism"
}

{
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "formalisme",
      "formalisme#French"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "formalisme"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from French formalisme",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French formalisme.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
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    },
    {
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      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
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    {
      "form": "formalism",
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    },
    {
      "form": "formalismul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "formalism",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "genitive",
        "indefinite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "formalismului",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "definite",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "formalismule",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "n",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "formalism n (uncountable)",
      "name": "ro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "gpd": "formalismelor",
        "gpi": "formalisme",
        "gsd": "formalismului",
        "gsi": "formalism",
        "n": "sg",
        "npd": "formalismele",
        "npi": "formalisme",
        "nsd": "formalismul",
        "nsi": "formalism",
        "vp": "formalismelor",
        "vs": "formalismule"
      },
      "name": "ro-decl-noun-single"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Romanian lemmas",
        "Romanian neuter nouns",
        "Romanian nouns",
        "Romanian terms borrowed from French",
        "Romanian terms derived from French",
        "Romanian uncountable nouns"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "formalism"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "formalism",
          "formalism#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "formalism"
}

Download raw JSONL data for formalism meaning in All languages combined (18.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.